GS-1 · Freedom Struggle (various stages, important contributors from different parts of the country)
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Krishnadeva Raya, the King of Vijayanagar, was not only an accomplished scholar himself but was also a great patron of learning and literature. Discuss.
Discuss the main contributions of Gupta period and Chola period to Indian heritage and culture.
What were the major technological changes introduced during the Sultanate period? How did those technological changes influence the Indian society?
Sufis and medieval mystic saints failed to modify either the religious ideas and practices or the outward structure of Hindu/Muslim societies to any appreciable extent. Comment.
Taxila university was one of the oldest universities of the world with which were associated a number of renowned learned personalities of all times. Its strategic location caused its fame to flourish, but unlike Nalanda, it is not considered as a university in the modern sense. Discuss.
Gandhara sculpture owed as much to the Romans as to the Greeks. Explain.
To what extent has the urban planning and culture of the Indus Valley Civilization provided inputs to the present day urbanization? Discuss.
In what ways did the naval mutiny prove to be the last nail in the coffin of British colonial aspirations in India?
Examine critically the various facets of economic policies of the British in India from mid-eighteenth century till independence.