Topic 17 Conservation Environmental Pollution EIA

Mineral resources are fundamental to the country's economy and these are exploited by mining. Why is mining considered an environmental hazard? Explain the remedial measures required to reduce the environmental hazard due to mining.

Inspite of the ecological and social costs, the administration argues in favour of the said proposal by highlighting that this Welfare Housing vs very initiative addresses fundamental human rights as a critical Forest Deforestation welfare priority. Besides it, it fulfils the government’s duty to uplift and empower the poor through inclusive housing development. Further, these forest areas have become unsafe due to wild-animal threats and recurring human-wild life conflicts. Lastly, clearing forest-zones may help to curb anti-social elements allegedly using these areas as hideouts, thereby enhancing law and order.

How are climate change and the sea level rise affecting the very existence of many island nations? Discuss with examples.

Explain briefly the ecological and economic benefits of solar energy Solar Energy generation in India with suitable examples.

Write a review on India's climate commitments under the Paris Agreement (2015) and mention how these have been further strengthened in COP26 (2021). In this direction, how has the first Determined Nationally Determined Contribution intended by India been Contribution updated in 2022?

What is Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)? What is the potential role of CCUS in tackling climate change?

Achieving sustainable growth with emphasis on environmental protection could come into conflict with poor people’s needs in a country like India – Comment.

What are environmental pressure groups? Discuss their role in raising awareness, influencing policies and advocating for environmental protection in India.

How can India achieve energy independence through clean technology by 2047? How can biotechnology can play a crucial role in this endeavour?

What role do environmental NGOs and activists play in influencing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) outcomes for major projects in India? Cite four examples with all important details.

What is sea surface temperature rise? How does it affect the formation of tropical cyclones?

What are asteroids? How real is the threat of them causing extinction of life? What strategies have been developed to prevent such a catastrophe?

What is disaster resilience? How is it determined? Describe various elements of a resilience framework. Also mention the global targets of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030).

Global warming and climate change are the outcomes of human greed in the name of development, indicating the direction in which extinction of organisms including human beings is heading towards loss of life on Earth. How do you put an end to this to protect life and bring equilibrium between the society and the environment? (Answer in 150 words)

Industrial pollution of river water is a significant environmental issue in India. Discuss the various mitigation measures to deal with River pollution this problem and also the government's initiatives in this regard.

Identify and discuss the factors responsible for diversity of natural vegetation in India. Assess the significance of wildlife sanctuaries in rain Vegetation & forest regions of India.

What is oil pollution? What are its impacts on the marine ecosystem? In what way is pollution particularly harmful for a country like India.

Comment on the National Wetland Conservation Programme initiated by the Government of India and name a few India’s wetlands of international importance included in the Ramsar Sites.

Why is the world today confronted with a crisis of availability of and access to freshwater resources?

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has predicted a global sea level rise of about one metre by AD 2100. What would be its impact in India and the other countries in the Indian Ocean region?

Discuss the consequences of climate change on the food security in tropical countries.

do electric vehicles contribute to reducing carbon emissions and what are the key benefits they offer compared to traditional combustion engine vehicles?

"The most significant achievement of modern law in India is the constitutionalization of environmental problems by the Supreme Court." Discuss this statement with the help of relevant case laws.

Describing the distribution of rubber producing countries, indicate the major environmental issues faced by them.

Each year a large amount of plant material, cellulose, is deposited on the surface of Planet Earth. What are the natural processes this MiscellaneousC cellulose undergoes before yielding carbon dioxide, water and other end products?

Discuss global warming and mention its effects on the global climate. Explain the control measures to bring down the level of greenhouse gases which cause global warming, in the light of the Kyoto Protocol, 1997.

Clean energy is the order of the day.’ Describe briefly India’s changing policy towards climate change in various international Climate Diplomacy fora in the context of geopolitics.

Do you think India will meet 50 percent of its energy needs from renewable energy by 2030 ? Justify your answer. How will the shift of subsidies from fossil fuels to renewables help achieve the above objective? Explain.

Discuss in detail the photochemical smog emphasizing its formation, effects and mitigation. Explain the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol.

What are the environmental implications of the reclamation of water bodies into urban land use? explain with examples?

Mention the global occurrence of volcanic eruptions in 2021 and their impact on regional environment.

How do the melting of Arctic ice and glaciers of the Antarctic differently affect the weather patterns and human activities on earth? Explain.

Describe the key points of the revised Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) recently released by the World Health Organisation (WHO). How are these different from its last update in 2005? What changes in India’s National Clean Air Programme are required to achieve these revised standards?

Explain the purpose of the Green Grid Initiative launched at the World Leaders Summit of the COP26 UN Climate Change Conference in Glasgow in November 2021. When was this idea first floated in the International Solar Alliance (ISA)?

Describe the major outcomes of the 26th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). What are the commitments made by India in this conference? (

“Besides being a moral imperative of Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary pre-condition for sustainable development.” Analyze. In a crucial domain like the public healthcare system the Indian

How does the draft Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2020 differ from the existing EIA Notification, 2006?

Examine the status of forest resources of India and its resultant impact on Resources & climate change.

How will the meeting of Himalayan glaciers have a far-reaching impact on Glaciers & the water resources of India?

What are the key features of the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) initiated by the Government of India?

The process of desertification does not have climatic boundaries. Justify Desertificatio with examples.

What are the major factors responsible for making rice-wheat system a success? In spite of this success how has this system become bane in India?

National Education Policy 2020 is in conformity with the Sustainable DevelopmentGoal-4 (2030). It intends to restructure and reorient education system in India.Critically examine the statement.

Explain intra-generational and inter-generational issues of equity from the perspective of inclusive growth and sustainable development.

Coastal sand mining, whether legal or illegal, poses one of the biggest threats to our environment. Analyse the impact of sand Sand Mining mining along the Indian coasts, citing specific examples.

How can the mountain ecosystem be restored from the negative impact of development initiatives and tourism?

Define the concept of carrying capacity of an ecosystem as relevant to an environment. Explain how understanding this concept is vital while planning for sustainable development of a region.

Discuss the causes of depletion of mangroves and explain their importance in maintaining coastal ecology.

Assess the impact of global warming on coral life system with examples.

Suppose the Government of India is thinking of constructing a dam in a mountain valley bounded by forests and inhabited by Development vs ethnic communities. What rational policy should it resort to in Tribal Displacement dealing with unforeseen contingencies ?

chemicals on a large scale. It proposes to set upon the additional unit. Many states rejected its proposal due to the detrimental effect on the environment. But one state government acceded to the request and permitted the unit close to a city, brushing aside all opposition. The unit was set up 10 years ago and was in full swing till recently. The pollution caused by the industrial effluents was affecting the land, water and crops in the area. It was also causing serious health problems to human beings and animals. This gave rise to a series of agitation thousands of people took part, creating a law and order problem necessitating stern police action. Following the public outcry, the State government ordered the closure of the factory. The closure of the factory resulted in the unemployment of not only those workers who were engaged in the factory but also those who were working in the ancillary units. It also very badly affected those industry which depended on the chemicals manufactured by it. As a senior officer entrusted with the responsibility of

"Policy contradictions among various competing sectors and stakeholders have resulted in inadequate 'protection and Environmental prevention of degradation' to environment."Comment with relevant illustrations.

What are the consequences of spreading of ‘Dead Zones’ on marine ecosystem?

What is wetland? Explain the Ramsar concept of ‘wise use’ in the context of wetland conservation. Cite two examples of Ramsar sites Ramsar sites from India.

Sikkim is the first ‘Organic State’ in India. What are the ecological and economical benefits of Organic State?

How does biodiversity vary in India? How is the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 helpful in conservation of flora and fauna?

Describe various measures taken in India for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) before and after signing ‘Sendai Framework for DRR (2015-2030)’. How is this framework different from ‘Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005?

What are the impediments in disposing the huge quantities of discarded solid wastes which are continuously being generated? How do we remove safely the toxic wastes that have been accumulating in our habitable environment?

In spite of adverse environmental impact, coal mining is still inevitable for Coal Mining & development.” Discuss.

Not many years ago, river linking was a concept but it is becoming reality in the country. Discuss the advantages of river linking and its River Linking possible impact on the environment.

How does the cryosphere affect global climate?

‘Climate Change’ is a global problem. How India will be affected by climate change? How Himalayan and coastal states of India will be Climate change affected by climate change?

Rehabilitation of human settlements is one of the important environmental impacts which always attracts controversy while planning major projects. Discuss the measures suggested for mitigation of this impact while proposing major developmental projects.

What is allelopathy? Discuss its role in major cropping systems of irrigated agriculture.

How can the role of NGOs be strengthened in India for development works relating to protection of the environment? Discuss throwing light on the major constraints.

Does the right to clean environment entail legal regulations on burning crackers during Diwali? Discuss in the light of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution and Judgement(s) of the Apex Court in this regard.

What is meant by ‘environmental ethics’? Why is it important to study? Discuss any one environmental issue from the viewpoint of environmental ethics.

The states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand reaching the limits of their ecological carrying capacity due to tourism. Critically evaluate.

The Namami Gange and National mission for clean Ganga (NMCG) programmes and causes of mixed results from the previous schemes. What quantum leaps can help preserve the river Ganga better than incremental inputs?

How far do you agree that the behavior of the Indian monsoon has been Monsoon & changing due to humanizing landscapes? Discuss.

What are the economic significances of discovery of oil in Arctic Sea and Arctic Sea Oil its possible environmental consequences?

Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata are the three mega cities of the country but the air pollution is much more serious problem in Delhi as compared to the other two. Why is this so?

there has been a massive slide in the value of carbon credit? Discuss with respect to India’s energy needs for economic growth. Environmental impact assessment studies are increasingly undertaken before project is cleared by the government. Discuss the environmental impacts of coal-fired thermal plants located at Pitheads.

Bring out the relationship between the shrinking Himalayan glaciers and Glaciers & the symptoms of climate change in the Indian sub-continent.

Should the pursuit of carbon credit and clean development mechanism set up under UNFCCC be maintained even through

Now-a-days, there is an increasing thrust on economic development all around the globe. At the same time, there is also an increasing concern about environmental degradation caused by development. Many a time, we face a direct conflict between developmental activity and environmental quality. It is Economic Growth vs neither feasible to stop or curtail the developmental process, nor it is advisable to keep degrading the environment, as it threatens our very survival, Discuss some feasible strategies which could be adopted to eliminate this conflict and which could lead to sustainable development. (250 words)

What are the consequences of illegal mining? Discuss the ministry Coal Mining of environment and forests’ concept of “GO AND NO GO” zones for coal mining. Enumerate the National Water Policy of India. Taking river Ganges

as an example, discuss the strategies which may be adopted for river water pollution control and management. What are the legal River Pollution provisions for management and handling of hazardous wastes in India?

Write a note on India’s green energy corridor to alleviate the Green energy problems of conventional energy.