How do smart cities in India address the issues of urban poverty and distributive justice?

With a brief background of quality of urban life in India, introduce the objectives and strategy of the ‘Smart City Programme’.

The basis of providing urban amenities in rural areas (PURA) is rooted in establishing connectivity. Comment. Do government’s schemes for up-lifting vulnerable and backward communities by protecting required social resources, lead to their exclusion in establishing businesses in urban economics?

National urban transport policy emphasizes on moving people instead of moving vehicles. Discuss critically the success of various strategies of the government in this regard.

What are ‘Smart Cities’? Examine their relevance for urban development in India. Will it increase rural-urban differences? Give arguments for ‘Smart Cities’ vs ‘Smart Villages’ in the light of PURA and RURBAN Mission.

Discuss the salient features of the Harappan architecture.

Examine the main aspects of Akbar’s religious syncretism.

‘The sculptors filled the Chandella artform with resilient vigor and breadth of life.’ Elucidate.

Mahatma Jotirao Phule’s writings and efforts of social reforms touched issues of almost all subaltern classes. Discuss.

Trace India’s consolidation process during the early phase of independence in terms of polity, economy, education, and international relations.

The French Revolution has enduring relevance to the contemporary world. Explain.